There follows a brief outline of the Welsh uprising lead by Owain Glyndŵr (Owen of the Glen of Dee Water).

Glyndŵr was the last Welshman to hold the title Prince of Wales, and was a descendant of the princes of Powys. He inherited, through his mother, the lands of Rhys ap Gruffydd and is believed to have studied law in London before serving with the forces of King Richard II. Glyndŵr returned to Wales, married and settled down to a peaceful and prosperous family life in Sycharth, east of Oswestry.

However, Wales in the late 14th century was a turbulent pace and in 1400 a feud over land developed between Glyndŵr and Lord Grey of Ruthin. This lead to the withholding of a Royal Summons for Glyndŵr to join the new King Henry IV’s Scottish campaign. By not responding to the summons Owain unwittingly committed treason and King Henry declared Owain a traitor and his estates forfeit.

Attacked by Lord Grey, Glyndŵr fought back and the De Grey stronghold of Ruthin Castle was almost destroyed. Denbigh, Flint, and other castles followed and Glyndŵr  raised his standard outside Ruthin on 16th September 1400. This touched off an uprising in North Wales, which quickly became a national struggle for Welsh independence, with Glyndŵr as the leader proclaimed Prince of Wales.

Glyndŵr formed strategic alliances with King Henry's most powerful opponents. In 1402 he captured Edmund Mortimer, uncle of the 5th Earl of March and a claimant to the English throne. Mortimer turned to support Glyndŵr marrying one of his daughters.Glyndŵr then also allied himself with the powerful Percy family including Sir Henry "Hotspur" Percy.

By 1404 he had gained control of most of Wales including capturing Aberystwyth and Harlech Castles. Glyndŵr established an independent Welsh Parliament at Machynlleth in this year where he was crowned King of a free Wales.

But in 1405 the tide turned against the uprising. The failure of an invading expedition from France and the recapture by the English of Aberystwyth (1408) and Harlech (1409) under Prince Henry, later Henry V, left Glyndŵr powerless and the uprising all but faltered as his allies in England were crushed.

Owain Glyndŵr was, however never captured and was believed to still be active in guerrilla fighting as late as 1412. The actual date and place of his death is not known and thus he has passed into legend. He was one welsh prince who was never betrayed by his own people, not even in the darkest days when many of them could have saved they own skins by doing so. There is no parallel to this in the history of the welsh and further it is believed that should Wales be in any danger from the English, he would return and free it from oppression.